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COMMONLY USED ROOFING TERMS
ASBESTOS: Asbestos rock mined from the earth. Fibers are used to reinforce coatings and other materials. ASPHALT: A hydrocarbon found in natural deposits or distilled from petroleum. One of the world's finest waterproofers. BASE SHEET: Bottom layer of ply on a built-up roof. BITUMEN: Either asphalt or coal tar used in roofing. BLEEDING: Discoloration of top coating from underneath. BLISTER: A raised area on a built-up roof where plys have delaminated. Often caused when moisture turns to vapor from the heat of the sun. BUILT-UP ROOF: A roof system made up of plys of roofing paper embedded in hot applied bitumens or cold process coatings. COLD PROCESS: Roof coatings and cements used without heating. COMPOSITION ROOF: Same as built-up paper roof. Commonly called mineral roll roofing when it has the same mineral surface as composition shingles. COPING: Protective covering on top of a parapet or fire wall commonly constructed of metal or tile. DEAD LEVEL: Flat roof without slope. FELT: Roofing paper used on built-up roofs. FIREWALL: Vertical walls extending through roofs separating sections of buildings. FLASHING: Waterproofing at the point where vertical areas meet roof areas or where the valleys of two roofs meet. MEMBRANE: Paper, rubber, modified bitumen or other type of roofing sheet. MINERAL ROLL: See Composition Roof. MODIFIED BITUMEN: A Single-Ply rolled roofing system. Torch applied. Made from Modified Asphalt Bitumens. PLY: A layer of roof membrane. PARAPET: Wall along the edge of the roof. ROOF MAT: The layers of built-up roof on top of roof deck or insulation. SINGLE-PLY: A roofing alternative to built-up roofs. Commonly made of rubber (similar in appearance to an inner tube), the membrane is rolled out in sheets. Seams are heat welded or sealed with adhesive.
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